Serpa soares, delivered opening remarks and moderated a side event on the choice of procedure under article 287 of the united nations convention on the law of the sea, organized by the division for ocean affairs and the law of the sea, office of legal affairs, on the margins of the twentyseventh meeting. To define and limit the territorial sea and the contiguous zone. The polish contiguous zone the exercise of the coastal state. The 1958 convention on the territorial sea and contiguous zone provided that states cannot suspend the innocent passage of foreign ships through straits that are used for international navigation between one part of the high seas and another part of the. The convention on the territorial sea and contiguous zone of 1958 is an international treaty which entered into force on 10 september 1964, one of four. Baseline legal delineation between sea and land or inland waters, generally defined by the low tide average mean lower low water. Agreement for the implementation of the provisions of the united nations convention on the law of the sea of 10 december 1982 relating to the conservation and management of straddling fish stocks and highly migratory. Pdf determination of the territorial sea baseline aspect. Contiguous zone definition of contiguous zone by the. Report of the special rapporteur on both the regime of the high seas and the regime of the territorial sea acn. Schumacher, in encyclopedia of ocean sciences second edition, 2001. Nevertheless it remains possible that the underlying maritime features can be classified as article 121 1 islands if they meet all of the applicable criteria and are not properly classified as rocks or ltes. The convention on the territorial sea and contiguous zone of 1958 is an international treaty which entered into force on 10 september 1964, one of four agreed upon at the first united nations convention on the law of the sea unclos i. C the ports and waterways safety act, as amended 33 u.
South china sea territorial disputes continued peace. Articles 1, 2, 3 and 66 juridical status of the territorial sea. For more details see, various articles under part ii territorial sea and contiguous zone in the unclos. The united states, like many states, claims limited jurisdiction in a contiguous zone of twelve additional miles beyond the territorial sea to enforce customs, fiscal, immigration, and sanitary laws, and to punish violations of its laws committed in its territory or territorial sea. The territorial jurisdiction of the coastal state extends to the territorial sea, subject to certain obligations deriving from international law. Afghanistanoct 30, 1958 argentinaapr 29, 1958 australia. The 1958 geneva convention on the continental shelf 3. The 1958 convention on the territorial sea and contiguous zone 2. Convention on the law of the sea and the conduct obstructing such execution. At the international level, the convention on the territo rial sea adopted by the geneva sea conference of 1958. Feb 20, 2020 report of the special rapporteur on both the regime of the high seas and the regime of the territorial sea acn. Archaeological zone, constitution for the oceans, contiguous zone, law of the sea, territorial sea, underwater cultural heritage introduction the law of the sea constitutes a branch of public international law, endowed with a very great tradition, to date.
Although some recent studies have been done on prcs territorial sea practice,6 they concentrate primarily on the 1958 prc declaration on chinas territorial sea and the practice. The sovereignty of a state extends, beyond its land territory and its internal waters, to a belt of. The outer limits of the contiguous zone shall be decided by the executive yuan and may be promulgated in parts. Other articles where convention on the territorial sea and contiguous zone is discussed. Territorial sea and contiguous zone concept and development. The territorial sea and the contiguous zone are two maritime zones which overlap with each other. Printing law of the sea national legislation doalos. The sovereignty of a state extends, beyond its land territory and its internal waters, to a belt of sea adjacent to its coast, described as the territorial sea.
Jul 15, 2015 artificial islands are not entitled to a territorial sea, contiguous zone, exclusive economic zone eez or continental shelf. Artificial islands are not entitled to a territorial sea, contiguous zone, exclusive economic zone eez or continental shelf. Introduction in recent years, the peoples republic of china prc has become an ardent supporter and champion of the claim for the 200 nautical mile territorial sea right or maritime right asserted primarily by. Law on the territorial sea and the contiguous zone law no. Oct 25, 2019 the contiguous zone of the republic of china is the sea area contiguous to the outer limits of its territorial sea and to a distance of twentyfour nautical miles measured from the baseline. Within the contiguous zone the coastal state may exercise the control necessary to prevent and punish infringement of its customs, fiscal, immigration, or sanitary. Law on the territorial sea and the contiguous zone of the. Within this zone, the coastal state exercises full sovereignty over the air space above the sea and over the seabed and subsoil. Page 1 national legislation doalosola united nations asdf law no. Convention on the territorial sea and the contiguous zone untc. A maritime zone adjacent to the territorial sea that may not extend beyond 24 nautical miles nms from the baselines from which the breadth of the territorial sea is measured. Except as provided for in paragraph 3, the territorial sea, the contiguous zone, the exclusive economic zone and the. Pdf on dec 1, 2016, cezary specht and others published determination of the territorial sea baseline aspect of using unmanned hydrographic vessels find, read and cite all the research you.
In a zone contiguous to its territorial sea, described as the contiguous zone, the coastal state may exercise the control necessary to. Determination of the territorial sea baseline aspect of using unmanned hydrographic vessels article pdf available december 2016 with 129 reads how we measure reads. Territorial sea article about territorial sea by the. Hence within the area of the sea, between the land and the high sea, adjacent to a coast, a portion of waters was recognised as territorial waters. Territorial waters are marked off from the lowwater line, either from the borders of inland waters or from baselines. Retention or loss of the nationality of a pirate ship or aircraft 58 article 105. The term territorial waters is sometimes used informally to refer to any area of water over which a state has jurisdiction, including internal waters, the territorial sea, the contiguous zone, the exclusive economic zone and potentially the continental shelf. Within the contiguous zone the coastal state may exercise the control necessary to prevent and punish infringement of its customs, fiscal, immigration, or. Convention on the territorial sea and the contiguous zone april 29, 1958. Juridical status of the air space over the territorial sea and of its bed and subsoil. Territorial waters are regulated by the 1958 convention on the territorial sea and contiguous zone ratified by the ussr on oct. Territorial waters are the inland waters, waters between the mean of high tide and low tide, and all water that extend seaward, typically to 12 nautical miles 22 km from the coast, under the united nations convention on the law of the sea. Convention on the territorial sea and the contiguous zone done at geneva on 29 april 1958 the states parties to this convention have agreed as follows. Convention on the territorial sea and the contiguous zone geneva, 29 april 1958.
An island is a naturally formed area of land, surrounded by water, which is above water at high tide. Declaration upon ratification of 1982 law of the sea convention, apr. The territorial sea extends to a limit of 12 nautical miles from the baseline of a coastal state. The contiguous zone is an intermediary zone between the territorial sea and the high seas extending enforcement jurisdiction of the coastal state to a maximum of 24 nautical miles from baselines. Territorial sea is a belt of coastal waters subject to the territorial jurisdiction of a coastal state. Short title and commencement 1 this act may be cited as the territorial sea and exclusive economic zone act 1977. Anand, freedom of navigation through territorial waters and international straits, 14 169 1974. Territorial waters law and legal definition uslegal, inc. Laws of dominica territorial sea,contiguous zone, exclusive economic andfishery zones chap. Territorial sea, contiguous zone, and exclusive economic. A maritime zone commencing immediately beyond a coastal states territorial sea and extending to a maximum of twentyfour nautical miles from the coastal states baselines.
Convention on the territorial sea and the contiguous zone, 1958. Territorial sea article about territorial sea by the free. In 1999, eleven years after president reagan extended the u. Convention on the territorial sea and the contiguous. The territorial sea of dominica comprises those areas of sea establishmento. Convention on the territorial sea and the contiguous zone.
Part i of the convention deals with the territorial sea, which is defined in section i. In this session the law of sea, united nations convention on law of sea 1 to 3 is explained by dr. Territorial sea, contiguous zone, and exclusive economic zone. Convention on the territorial sea and contiguous zone. Section ii provides for methods to calculate the breadth of the territorial sea, starting from a baseline as set out in article. Contiguous zone, exclusive economic zone, unclos territorial waters the part of the ocean adjacent to the coast of a state that is considered to be part of the territory of that state and subject to its sovereignty.
The outer limit of the territorial sea of the peoples republic of china is the line every point of which is at a distance equal to twelve nautical miles from the nearest point of the baseline of the territorial sea. Printing law of the sea national legislation doalosola. Politically and legally, the defined sea and water area of pearl river delta. The contiguous zone of the republic of china is the sea area contiguous to the outer limits of its territorial sea and to a distance of twentyfour nautical miles measured from the baseline. Convention on the territorial sea and the contiguous zone april 29, 1958 countriesterritories entry into force ratification simple signature reservation. The convention signifies to the legal status of the sea that is preceded between the sovereignty and territorial sea.
The sovereignty of a coastal state extends, beyond its land territory and internal waters and, in the case of an archipelagic state, its archipelagic waters, to an adjacent belt of sea, described as the. Agreement relating to the implementation of part xi of the united nations convention on the law of the sea of 10 december 1982 7. Rocks which cannot sustain human habitation or economic life of their own shall have no eez or continental shelf. Claims that innocent passage does not apply in territorial sea when a high seas or exclusive economic zone route exists that is equally suitable with regard to navigational and hydrographic features. International law law of the sea flashcards quizlet. In a narrower sense, the term is used as a synonym for the territorial sea.
In contrast to the limited publication policy when the full text of an agreement may not be reproduced in the unts in its entirety, the objective of applying the partial publication method to a particular situation is to speed up the publishing effort by e. Contiguous zone contiguous zone article33 in a zone contiguous to its territorial sea, described as the contiguous zone, the coastal state may exercise the control necessary to. Secretarygeneral, united nations implementation signature, ratification and accession article xxvi. Baseline provisions of the 1958 convention on the territorial.
Territorial sea definition is the part of territorial waters subject to the jurisdiction of a coastal state usually extending from mean low water mark on the shore or from the seaward limit of a bay or mouth of a river a marine league or 3 geographical miles outward to the open sea. The sovereignty of a state extends, beyond its land territory and its internal waters, to a belt of sea adjacent to its coast, described as the. General provisions article2 legal status of the territorial sea, of the air space over the territorial sea and of its bed and subsoil 1. An act to make provision with respect to the territorial sea and the contiguous zone of new zealand. Francois on the right of international organizations to sail vessels under their flags ac. Territorial sea legal definition of territorial sea. Dec 15, 2005 an act to make provision with respect to the territorial sea and the contiguous zone of new zealand. Article 4 the contiguous zone of the peoples republic of china is the sea belt adjacent to and beyond the territorial sea. With respect to the convention on the territorial sea and the contiguous zone, the delegation of colombia declares that, under article 98 of the colombian constitution, authorization by the senate is required for the passage of foreign troops through colombian territory and that, by analogy, such authorization is accordingly also required for. Contiguous zone definition of contiguous zone by the free. Measurement of the breadth of the territorial sea, the contiguous zone, the exclusive economic zone and the continental shelf. Pp law of the sea territorial waters united nations. Territorial sea definition of territorial sea by merriam.